Free website security scripts
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Website Security Considerations - An Examination
An unfortunate fact is that there are numerous ways in which website security can be breached. For example, security risks exist which might affect Web servers and LANs (local area networks) on which Web sites are located, even by the normal use of a Web browser.
Web Masters bear the brunt when dealing with the critical threats. As soon as a Web server is installed at a site, a porthole comes into being in the local area network through which anyone using the Internet can peer. Naturally, most web site visitors look at only what they are supposed to look at, but a minority attempt to unearth elements of the site which are not supposed to be visible to all and sundry. Unscrupulous visitors aim to do other than only look; they try to open the window and steal through. The damage they could inflict might be mere vandalism, for instance substituting the website's home page with one of theirs which might say or display absolutely anything at all, or it might be larceny, like gaining possession of a contacts or sales list.
It is hard to avoid the virtual certainty that complicated computer software has bugs. No matter how exhaustively it is tested, you can find by and large a particular order of events or user actions, even if it might be infrequent, which brings about a fault. Software bugs create holes in system security. A Web server is involved software that may quite easily contain a security opening.
It is not only the intricacy of a Web server which can create a glitch, but also its open architecture. Consider a CGI script as an example. A CGI script may be run at the server in reply to a remote call from a client. It could be a request from an application or even the click of a button in a browser. If the CGI script includes a bug, there could be a risk of a security breach.
Network Administrators also have to deal with problems from Web servers by reason of the risk they pose to the security of the local area network. Though there should be no unauthorized intrusions, admission has to be granted to web site visitors. This means that access to the network should be controlled. The Administrator therefore must perform a delicate balancing act. Even the most sturdy firewall can be breached if the Web server is configured poorly. By the same token, normal use of the web site can be not possible if the firewall is configured poorly. Finding a model resolution is still more tricky if an intranet exists as a constituent of the system. Typically, the Web server in that case must be configured to identify and validate domains and user groups, which are apt to have differing permission levels and access rights.
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Almost everyone using a browser to surf the Web suppose that they really are doing it anonymously and safely. It is not so. Web browsers are able to run autonomous programs on the local computer that are located on a website. Modern browsers show a warning and ask permission to execute such programs. Described generally as "active content", e.g., ActiveX controls or Java applets, these programs, if malicious, could easily leave a virus or other hazardous software on the browser user's machine. Once it is in the system it can inflict all kinds of havoc and may be extremely difficult to get rid of.
This is also a worry for Network Administrators. Web browsers offer a means for possibly malicious software to seep all the way through the local area network's firewall. As soon as it is in the system, the damage it is able to inflict can extend from secretly gaining possession of sensitive data to wilful spoliation.
Aside from the concerns to do with active content, simply browsing the Web records a trail of the user's activities in the browser's history. This may be used by websites and installed software to ascertain an accurate report of the user's behaviour and interests. Whereas this may be thought of as an invasion of privacy by some people, it can be constructive by displaying pertinent subject matter immediately, so relieving the user of the task of looking for it.
Secrecy is an issue that concerns not just browser users but also Web Masters and Network Administrators in the actual transmission of data by means of the Web. TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is the basic language of communication for the Net. When it was created, security was not the most critical factor of its blueprint. Both network and Internet transmissions should therefore not be thought of as as essentially private. Any time the browser on a local machine downloads a confidential document from the remote Web server, or the browser user fills out a form with confidential information and clicks the 'Submit' button, the transmitted information may be intercepted without consent.
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